On the Origins of the Hijr? Calendar: A Multi-Faceted Perspective Based on the Covenants of the Prophet and Specific Date Verification

There has been much speculation as to the type of calendar that was used by pre-Islamic Arabs and early Muslim community. The Hijr? is said have adopted ‘Umar b. al-Kha???b during his Caliphate despite evidence suggesting it instituted soon Prophet emigrated Mad?nah. In this paper, we argue a number competing Arabian calendars existed up until 17 AH/AD 638, after which definitive Muslims. We propose attempts at reconciling dates emanating from different for major events in Prophet’s life led miscalculations subsequently affected chronology s?rah. This study ultimately argues purely lunar parallel lunisolar calendar, specific reported covenants historical works could shed new light reconstructing life.